What companies have to file form 720?

Short answer

Companies that owe or collect a federal excise tax — typically fuel producers and distributors, airlines, indoor tanning providers, certain manufacturers and importers, heavy-truck and trailer dealers, and employers with self-insured health plans (the PCORI fee).

Full answer

Companies must file Form 720 when they are responsible for a tax or fee reported on the form. Depending on the transaction and applicable rules, filers can include fuel producers and distributors, airlines, indoor tanning providers, certain manufacturers and importers, and retailers making taxable first sales of heavy trucks or trailers. Certain employers sponsoring self-insured health plans also file to report the PCORI fee.

These examples are not blanket industry requirements: a business must meet the conditions for the particular tax. Corporations, partnerships, LLCs, and sole proprietors can all have filing obligations. Conversely, businesses outside the listed taxable activities generally do not file merely because they operate commercially.

Review each applicable category rather than relying on your company’s name or industry.

Related guides

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Official sources

General information verified against current IRS instructions and publications, not tax or legal advice. Excise tax rules change — confirm with the IRS or a qualified professional before acting. Last reviewed 2026-11-08.

Need to file Form 720 this quarter?

E-file your Quarterly Federal Excise Tax Return with TaxFilingCenter, an IRS-authorized e-file provider, and get your IRS acknowledgment by email.

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